Making and Selling Things

💼 Business Studies Years 3–5 Foundation

Follow the simple journey of a product from raw material, to being made, to being sold in a shop — from wood to a chair, and cotton to a t-shirt.

Open this lesson, with practice and a printable worksheet →

Have you ever wondered how the t-shirt you are wearing, or the wooden chair you sit on, actually got to you? Nearly everything you own travelled through a simple journey with three big steps.

Why this matters: Understanding how things are made and sold helps you see the hidden journey behind everyday objects, and appreciate all the work and people involved before something reaches a shop.

Three big steps

StepWhat happens
1. Raw materialA natural material is grown or dug up, such as cotton or wood
2. MadeWorkers and machines turn the raw material into a finished product
3. SoldThe finished product is sent to a shop, where a customer buys it

From cotton field to t-shirt

A t-shirt does not start life as a t-shirt at all — it starts as a cotton plant growing on a farm. The fluffy cotton is picked, then spun into thread and woven into cloth. The cloth is cut into pieces and sewn together to make a t-shirt. Finally, the finished t-shirts are sent to a shop, where you can buy one.

Put the steps of making a t-shirt in order:

  1. Cotton is grown on a farm
  2. Cotton is spun into thread and woven into cloth
  3. Cloth is cut and sewn into t-shirts
  4. T-shirts are sent to a shop
  5. You buy the t-shirt

From tree to chair

A wooden chair follows a similar journey. A tree is grown and cut down for its wood. The wood is cut into planks and shaped by a carpenter or a machine into the parts of a chair. The finished chair is then delivered to a furniture shop, ready for someone to buy and take home.

Match each raw material to the finished product it can become:

Cotton
A t-shirt
Wood
A chair
Wheat
A loaf of bread
Wool
A jumper
Every finished product you own passed through many hands before it reached you — farmers, factory workers, drivers and shop staff all played a part. That is a lot of teamwork behind one t-shirt!
Get the printable worksheet →
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